Publishers Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

Cover for Emmanuele DiBenedetto · Harnack's Inequality for Degenerate and Singular Parabolic Equations - Springer Monographs in Mathematics (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Harnack's Inequality for Degener... (2014)

Emmanuele DiBenedetto

Cover for Ian Gillespie Cook · Aging in Comparative Perspective: Processes and Policies - International Perspectives on Aging (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Aging in Comparative Perspective... (2014)

Ian Gillespie Cook

Cover for Roberto De Franchis · Variceal Hemorrhage (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Variceal Hemorrhage (2014)

Roberto De Franchis

Cover for Vladimir Shikhman · Topological Aspects of Nonsmooth Optimization - Nonconvex Optimization and Its Applications (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Topological Aspects of Nonsmooth... (2014)

Vladimir Shikhman

Cover for Roland Beutler · The Digital Dividend of Terrestrial Broadcasting (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

The Digital Dividend of Terrestr... (2014)

Cover for W.T. Ingram · Inverse Limits: From Continua to Chaos - Developments in Mathematics (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Inverse Limits: From Continua to... (2014)

Cover for Samuel Sweitz · On the Periphery of the Periphery: Household Archaeology at Hacienda San Juan Bautista Tabi, Yucatan, Mexico - Contributions To Global Historical Archaeology (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

On the Periphery of the Peripher... (2014)

Cover for Marvin H Podd · Cognitive Remediation for Brain Injury and Neurological Illness: Real Life Changes (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Cognitive Remediation for Brain ... (2014)

Cover for Isabelle Mercier · Caveolins in Cancer Pathogenesis, Prevention and Therapy - Current Cancer Research (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Caveolins in Cancer Pathogenesis... (2014)

Isabelle Mercier

Cover for Hansjoerg Kielhoefer · Bifurcation Theory: An Introduction with Applications to Partial Differential Equations - Applied Mathematical Sciences (Paperback Book) [2nd ed. 2012 edition] (2014)

2nd ed. 2012 edition

Bifurcation Theory: An Introduct... (2014)

Hansjoerg Kielhoefer

Cover for Jeffrey P Weiss Md Facs · Nocturia: Causes, Consequences and Clinical Approaches (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Nocturia: Causes, Consequences a... (2014)

Jeffrey P Weiss Md Facs

Cover for Krishnaswami Alladi · Partitions, q-Series, and Modular Forms - Developments in Mathematics (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Partitions, q-Series, and Modula... (2014)

Krishnaswami Alladi

Cover for Elias G. Carayannis · Institutional Learning and Knowledge Transfer Across Epistemic Communities: New Tools of Global Governance - Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Institutional Learning and Knowl... (2014)

Elias G. Carayannis

Cover for Michele K. Lewis · LGBT Psychology: Research Perspectives and People of African Descent (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

LGBT Psychology: Research Perspe... (2014)

Michele K. Lewis

Cover for Vivienne W L Wang · Promoting Balanced Competitiveness Strategies of Firms in Developing Countries - Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Promoting Balanced Competitivene... (2014)

Vivienne W L Wang

Cover for Futaba Fujie · Covering Walks in Graphs - SpringerBriefs in Mathematics (Paperback Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Covering Walks in Graphs - Sprin... (2014)

Cover for Roel Van De Krol · Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production - Electronic Materials: Science & Technology (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Pr... (2014)

Roel Van De Krol

Cover for Messaoud Bounkhel · Regularity Concepts in Nonsmooth Analysis: Theory and Applications - Springer Optimization and Its Applications (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Regularity Concepts in Nonsmooth... (2014)

Messaoud Bounkhel

Cover for S K Gupta · Technological Innovations in Major World Oil Crops, Volume 2: Perspectives (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Technological Innovations in Maj... (2014)

Cover for David a Frank · Signaling Pathways in Cancer Pathogenesis and Therapy (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Signaling Pathways in Cancer Pat... (2014)

Cover for Douglas J Lamdin · Consumer Knowledge and Financial Decisions: Lifespan Perspectives - International Series on Consumer Science (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Consumer Knowledge and Financial... (2014)

Douglas J Lamdin

Cover for Roger Rios · Just-in-Time Systems - Springer Optimization and Its Applications (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Just-in-Time Systems - Springer ... (2014)

Cover for Peter Mueller · Interventional Oncology: A Practical Guide for the Interventional Radiologist (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Interventional Oncology: A Pract... (2014)

Cover for Randolph Hall · Handbook of Healthcare System Scheduling - International Series in Operations Research & Management Science (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Handbook of Healthcare System Sc... (2014)

Cover for David Whitacre · Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology - Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Reviews of Environmental Contami... (2014)

Cover for Michael J Somers · Fencing for Conservation: Restriction of Evolutionary Potential or a Riposte to Threatening Processes? (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Fencing for Conservation: Restri... (2014)

Michael J Somers

Cover for Bormin Huang · Satellite Data Compression (Paperback Book) [2011 edition] (2014)

Satellite Data Compression (2014)

Cover for George Corliss · Automatic Differentiation of Algorithms: from Simulation to Optimization (Paperback Book) [Softcover Reprint of the Original 1st Ed. 2002 edition] (2014)

Softcover Reprint of the Original 1st Ed. 2002 edition

Automatic Differentiation of Alg... (2014)

Cover for Zachary, Joseph L. (University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Ut, Usa) · Introduction to Scientific Programming: Computational Problem Solving Using Maple and C (Paperback Book) [Softcover Reprint of the Original 1st Ed. 1996 edition] (2014)

Softcover Reprint of the Original 1st Ed. 1996 edition

Introduction to Scientific Progr... (2014)

Zachary, Joseph L. (University o...

Cover for Trachette L Jackson · Modeling Tumor Vasculature: Molecular, Cellular, and Tissue Level Aspects and Implications (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Modeling Tumor Vasculature: Mole... (2014)

Trachette L Jackson

Cover for James L. Hargrove · Dynamic Modeling in the Health Sciences - Modeling Dynamic Systems (Paperback Book) [Softcover Reprint of the Original 1st Ed. 1998 edition] (2014)

Softcover Reprint of the Original 1st Ed. 1998 edition

Dynamic Modeling in the Health S... (2014)

James L. Hargrove

Cover for Aurel Galantai · Projectors and Projection Methods - Advances in Mathematics (Paperback Book) [Softcover Reprint of the Original 1st Ed. 2004 edition] (2014)

Softcover Reprint of the Original 1st Ed. 2004 edition

Projectors and Projection Method... (2014)

Cover for Michael A. Smith · Contaminated Land: Reclamation and Treatment - Nato Challenges of Modern Society (Paperback Book) [1985 edition] (2014)

Contaminated Land: Reclamation a... (2014)

Michael A. Smith

Cover for Hal R Varian · Economic and Financial Modeling with Mathematica (R) (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1993 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1993 edition

Economic and Financial Modeling ... (2014)

Cover for Pierre Delhaes · Organic and Inorganic Low-Dimensional Crystalline Materials - NATO Science Series B (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1987 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1987 edition

Organic and Inorganic Low-Dimens... (2014)

Cover for S I Kuznetsov · Geologic Activity of Microorganisms (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1962 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1962 edition

Geologic Activity of Microorganisms (2014)

Cover for Cynthia Lum · Evidence-Based Counterterrorism Policy - Springer Series on Evidence-Based Crime Policy (Paperback Book) [2012 edition] (2014)

Evidence-Based Counterterrorism ... (2014)

Cover for Sam Goldstein · Handbook of Executive Functioning (Paperback Book) (2014)

Handbook of Executive Functioning (2014)

Cover for Surgical Innovations in Glaucoma (Hardcover Book) [1st ed. 2014. Corr. 2nd printing 2014 edition] (2014)

1st ed. 2014. Corr. 2nd printing 2014 edition

Surgical Innovations in Glaucoma (2014)

Cover for Robert S. Wolff · Visualization of Natural Phenomena (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1993 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1993 edition

Visualization of Natural Phenomena (2014)

Robert S. Wolff

Cover for Alessandro Lavacchi · Nanotechnology in Electrocatalysis for Energy - Nanostructure Science and Technology (Hardcover Book) [2013 edition] (2014)

Nanotechnology in Electrocatalys... (2014)

Alessandro Lavacchi

Cover for Alexander Gydikov · Motor Control (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1974 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1974 edition

Motor Control (2014)

Alexander Gydikov

Cover for Thomas Teo · Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Hardcover Book× 4

Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology (2014)

Cover for Eugene F. Milone · Solar System Astrophysics: Planetary Atmospheres and the Outer Solar System - Astronomy and Astrophysics Library (Hardcover Book) [2nd ed. 2014 edition] (2014)

2nd ed. 2014 edition

Solar System Astrophysics: Plane... (2014)

Eugene F. Milone

Cover for Elena I Katsy · Plasticity in Plant-Growth-Promoting and Phytopathogenic Bacteria (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Plasticity in Plant-Growth-Promo... (2014)

Cover for Margaret S Pearle · Practical Controversies in Medical Management of Stone Disease (Hardcover Book) (2014)

Practical Controversies in Medic... (2014)

Margaret S Pearle

Cover for Political Science Abstracts: 1986 Annual Supplement - Political Science Abstracts (Paperback Book) [1988 edition] (2014)

Political Science Abstracts: 198... (2014)

Cover for D. D. Hook · The Ecology and Management of Wetlands: Volume 1: Ecology of Wetlands (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1987 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1987 edition

The Ecology and Management of We... (2014)

Cover for Carlo Cercignani · Mathematical Methods in Kinetic Theory (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1969 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1969 edition

Mathematical Methods in Kinetic ... (2014)

Carlo Cercignani

Cover for Tsan-ming Choi · Fashion Branding and Consumer Behaviors: Scientific Models - International Series on Consumer Science (Hardcover Book) (2014)

Fashion Branding and Consumer Be... (2014)

Cover for Ning Zhang · Security-aware Cooperation in Cognitive Radio Networks - Springerbriefs in Computer Science (Paperback Book) (2014)

Security-aware Cooperation in Co... (2014)

Cover for Jiannong Cao · Seamless and Secure Communications over Heterogeneous Wireless Networks - Springerbriefs in Computer Science (Paperback Book) (2014)

Seamless and Secure Communicatio... (2014)

Cover for Jiang Gu · Analytical Morphology: Theory, Applications and Protocols (Paperback Book) [Softcover Reprint of the Original 1st Ed. 1996 edition] (2014)

Softcover Reprint of the Original 1st Ed. 1996 edition

Analytical Morphology: Theory, A... (2014)

Cover for Philip J. Snodgrass · Chemical Probes in Biology: Science at the Interface of Chemistry, Biology and Medicine (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2004 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2004 edition

Chemical Probes in Biology: Scie... (2014)

Philip J. Snodgrass

Cover for Studies on the structure of time: From Physics to Psycho (patho)logy (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2000 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2000 edition

Studies on the structure of time... (2014)

Cover for Henry Schaefer · Applications of Electronic Structure Theory - Modern Theoretical Chemistry (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1977 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1977 edition

Applications of Electronic Struc... (2014)

Cover for I M Korr · The Neurobiologic Mechanisms in Manipulative Therapy (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1978 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1978 edition

The Neurobiologic Mechanisms in ... (2014)

Cover for A Bolton · Quality Management Systems for the Food Industry: A guide to ISO 9001/2 (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1997 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1997 edition

Quality Management Systems for t... (2014)

Cover for Vijay Sarthy · The Retinal Muller Cell: Structure and Function - Perspectives in Vision Research (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2001 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2001 edition

The Retinal Muller Cell: Structu... (2014)

Cover for Scott R Steele · Complexities in Colorectal Surgery: Decision-Making and Management (Hardcover Book) [1st ed. 2014, Corr. 2nd printing 2014 edition] (2014)

1st ed. 2014, Corr. 2nd printing 2014 edition

Complexities in Colorectal Surge... (2014)

Cover for Soo Hyun Rhee · Behavior Genetics of Psychopathology - Advances in Behavior Genetics (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Behavior Genetics of Psychopatho... (2014)

Cover for Jose Alberto Goncalves Das Neves · Mucosal Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals: Biology, Challenges and Strategies (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Mucosal Delivery of Biopharmaceu... (2014)

Jose Alberto Goncalves Das Neves

Cover for Aditya Pratap · Alien Gene Transfer in Crop Plants, Volume 2: Achievements and Impacts (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Alien Gene Transfer in Crop Plan... (2014)

Cover for Kweku-muata Osei-bryson · Knowledge Management for Development: Domains, Strategies and Technologies for Developing Countries - Integrated Series in Information Systems (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Knowledge Management for Develop... (2014)

Kweku-muata Osei-bryson

Cover for Eric L. Michelsen · Quirky Quantum Concepts: Physical, Conceptual, Geometric, and Pictorial Physics that Didn't Fit in Your Textbook - Undergraduate Lecture Notes in Physics (Paperback Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Quirky Quantum Concepts: Physica... (2014)

Eric L. Michelsen

Cover for Roger E Millsap · New Developments in Quantitative Psychology: Presentations from the 77th Annual Psychometric Society Meeting - Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics (Hardcover Book) [2013 edition] (2014)

New Developments in Quantitative... (2014)

Roger E Millsap

Cover for Marie L. Miville · Handbook of Race-Ethnicity and Gender in Psychology (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Handbook of Race-Ethnicity and G... (2014)

Marie L. Miville

Cover for A. S. Povarennykh · Crystal Chemical Classification of Minerals - Monographs in Geoscience (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1972 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1972 edition

Crystal Chemical Classification ... (2014)

A. S. Povarennykh

Cover for Ya B Fridman · Strength and Deformation in Nonuniform Temperature Fields / Prochnost' I Deformatsiya V Neravnomernykh Temperaturnykh Polyakh / | H T: A collection of scientific papers (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1964 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1964 edition

Strength and Deformation in Nonu... (2014)

Cover for Mohsen Guizani · Wireless Communications Systems and Networks - Information Technology: Transmission, Processing and Storage (Paperback Book) [2004 edition] (2014)

Wireless Communications Systems ... (2014)

Cover for Frank Sabath · Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Electromagnetics 10 (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Ultra-Wideband, Short-Pulse Elec... (2014)

Cover for Alan Lichtin · The Coagulation Consult: A Case-Based Guide (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

The Coagulation Consult: A Case-... (2014)

Cover for Luis Dorfmann · Nonlinear Theory of Electroelastic and Magnetoelastic Interactions (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Nonlinear Theory of Electroelast... (2014)

Cover for N G Basov · The Kinetics of Simple Models in the Theory of Oscillations - The Lebedev Physics Institute Series (Paperback Book) [1978 edition] (2014)

The Kinetics of Simple Models in... (2014)

Cover for Wallace S. Pitcher · Magmatism at a Plate Edge: The Peruvian Andes (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1985 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1985 edition

Magmatism at a Plate Edge: The P... (2014)

Wallace S. Pitcher

Cover for A. T. Robinson · Woven Cloth Construction (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1967 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1967 edition

Woven Cloth Construction (2014)

Cover for C. C. Bradley · High Pressure Methods in Solid State Research (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1969 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1969 edition

High Pressure Methods in Solid S... (2014)

Cover for Gideon Arulmani · Handbook of Career Development: International Perspectives - International and Cultural Psychology (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Handbook of Career Development: ... (2014)

Gideon Arulmani

Cover for Glenn R Guntenspergen · Application of Threshold Concepts in Natural Resource Decision Making (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Application of Threshold Concept... (2014)

Glenn R Guntenspergen

Cover for Panagiotis Symeonidis · Recommender Systems for Location-based Social Networks - Springerbriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering (Paperback Book) (2014)

Recommender Systems for Location... (2014)

Panagiotis Symeonidis

Cover for Gerhard Bauer · Gene Therapy for HIV: From Inception to a Possible Cure - SpringerBriefs in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (Paperback Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Gene Therapy for HIV: From Incep... (2014)

Cover for Marie-pierre Junier · Endogenous Stem Cell-Based Brain Remodeling in Mammals - Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Endogenous Stem Cell-Based Brain... (2014)

Marie-pierre Junier

Cover for Ray Bull · Investigative Interviewing (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Investigative Interviewing (2014)

Cover for Charles Baquey · Biomechanical Transport Processes - NATO Science Series A (Paperback Book) [1990 edition] (2014)

Biomechanical Transport Processe... (2014)

Cover for Eugenii Khamskii · Crystallization from solutions and melts (Paperback Book) [1969 edition] (2014)

Crystallization from solutions a... (2014)

Eugenii Khamskii

Cover for Yogendra Shastri · Engineering and Science of Biomass Feedstock Production and Provision (Hardcover Book) (2014)

Engineering and Science of Bioma... (2014)

Yogendra Shastri

Cover for Dmitry I Gabrilovich · Tumor-Induced Immune Suppression: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Reversal (Hardcover Book) [2nd ed. 2014 edition] (2014)

2nd ed. 2014 edition

Tumor-Induced Immune Suppression... (2014)

Dmitry I Gabrilovich

Cover for Christine M. Houser · Pediatric Cardiology and Pulmonology: A Practically Painless Review (Paperback Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Pediatric Cardiology and Pulmono... (2014)

Christine M. Houser

Cover for Christopher D.B. Burt · Managing the Public's Trust in Non-profit Organizations - SpringerBriefs in Psychology (Paperback Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Managing the Public's Trust in N... (2014)

Christopher D.B. Burt

Cover for Saumyendra Sengupta · C++: Object-oriented Data Structures (Paperback Book) [Softcover Reprint of the Original 1st Ed. 1994 edition] (2014)

Softcover Reprint of the Original 1st Ed. 1994 edition

C++: Object-oriented Data Struct... (2014)

Saumyendra Sengupta

Cover for Donald E. Thomas · The Verilog Hardware Description Language (Book) [5th Ed. 2002. Softcover Reprint of the Original 5t edition] (2014)

5th Ed. 2002. Softcover Reprint of the Original 5t edition

The Verilog Hardware Description... (2014)

Donald E. Thomas

Cover for Bernard McGarvey · Dynamic Modeling for Business Management: An Introduction - Modeling Dynamic Systems (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2004 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2004 edition

Dynamic Modeling for Business Ma... (2014)

Bernard McGarvey

Cover for O. V. Mazurin · Electrical Properties and the Structure of Glass / Elektricheskie Svoistva I Stroenie Stekla / e tp - The Structure of Glass (Paperback Book) [Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1965 edition] (2014)

Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1965 edition

Electrical Properties and the St... (2014)

Cover for Amber E. Brueggemann Taylor · Diagnostic Assessment of Learning Disabilities in Childhood: Bridging the Gap Between Research and Practice - Contemporary Issues in Psychological Assessment (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Diagnostic Assessment of Learnin... (2014)

Amber E. Brueggemann Taylor

Cover for Saman Atapattu · Energy Detection for Spectrum Sensing in Cognitive Radio - Springerbriefs in Computer Science (Paperback Book) (2014)

Energy Detection for Spectrum Se... (2014)

Cover for Fan Wu · Game Theoretic Approaches for Spectrum Redistribution - Springerbriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering (Paperback Book) (2014)

Game Theoretic Approaches for Sp... (2014)

Cover for Haim Dahan · Proactive Data Mining with Decision Trees - Springerbriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering (Paperback Book) (2014)

Proactive Data Mining with Decis... (2014)

Cover for Patrick H Tolan · Disruptive Behavior Disorders - Advances in Development and Psychopathology: Brain Research Foundation Symposium Series (Paperback Book) [2013 edition] (2014)

Disruptive Behavior Disorders - ... (2014)

Patrick H Tolan

Cover for Abraham J Domb · Focal Controlled Drug Delivery - Advances in Delivery Science and Technology (Hardcover Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

Focal Controlled Drug Delivery -... (2014)

Cover for D. Fraser Keppie · The Analysis of Diffuse Triple Junction Zones in Plate Tectonics and the Pirate Model of Western Caribbean Tectonics - SpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences (Paperback Book) [2014 edition] (2014)

The Analysis of Diffuse Triple J... (2014)

D. Fraser Keppie